MUCIC ACID literature
PROCESSES FOR PREPARING ALDARIC, ALDONIC, AND URONIC ACIDS
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Paragraph 0132-0143, (2021/05/29)
Various processes for preparing aldaric acids, aldonic acids, uronic acids, and/or lactone(s) thereof are described. For example, processes for preparing a C5-C6 aldaric acid and/or lactone(s) thereof by the catalytic oxidation of a C5-C6 aldonic acid and/or lactone(s) thereof and/or a C5-C6 aldose are described.
Base-free selective oxidation of pectin derived galacturonic acid to galactaric acid using supported gold catalysts
Pazhavelikkakath Purushothaman, Rajeesh Kumar,Klis, F. Van Der,Frissen,Haveren, J. Van,Mayoral,Van Der Bent,Van Es
supporting information, p. 2763 - 2774 (2018/07/03)
Agricultural residues like sugar beet pulp (SBP) are an interesting feedstock for the production of 2nd generation bio-based chemicals and materials. The pectin fraction of SBP is rich in galacturonic acid (GalA), a C6 sugar acid. The oxidation of this uronic acid at C1 yields galactaric acid (GA), which has several industrially interesting properties. It was previously shown that the Au catalysed oxidation of uronic acids under basic conditions is highly effective, yet leads to the co-production of salts. Hence, here we report for the first time on the oxidation of an acidic carbohydrate substrate, GalA, at its autogenic pH (2.2) in water, using carbon supported gold nanoparticles, under mild conditions in the presence of molecular oxygen. The comparison of the Au/C catalyst prepared by a colloidal deposition method with benchmark commercially available metal oxide supported gold catalysts shows that under acidic conditions, the Au/C catalyst is more active and more selective than Au/TiO2, and more stable than Au/Al2O3. The difference in selectivity is attributed to the H2O2 mediated chain scission reaction of the substrate (GalA) which is observed only in the case of metal oxide supported Au catalysts. The Au/C catalyst shows 100% GA selectivity at 76% GalA conversion (333 K, 21 h batch time) and a GA yield of up to 95% was obtained at 353 K. Detailed characterization of the fresh and spent Au/C catalysts by ICP-OES, TEM and XPS analyses showed no gold leaching, particle sintering or change in metal composition. The Au/C catalyst was fully regenerated by a mild alkaline wash, and used in five consecutive runs without any significant decrease in activity or selectivity. Labelling experiments with 18O2 and H218O2 revealed that under base-free conditions, the oxygen incorporated in the aldaric acid originates from the solvent water.
OXIDATION OF URONIC ACIDS TO ALDARIC ACIDS
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Paragraph 0032; 0037, (2017/11/10)
Disclosed is the oxidation of uronic acids, such as galacturonic acid, to the corresponding aldaric acids, such as galactaric acid, under neutral or acidic conditions. Use is made of a supported gold catalyst. The oxidation occurs in good selectivity and yield, under unexpectedly mild conditions. A source of galacturonic acids is pectins, such as from sugar beet pulp.
Novel synthetic process of mucic acid
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Paragraph 0035-0037; 0067, (2017/06/10)
The present invention relates to a method of synthesizing mucic acid from galactose derived from biomass including marine resources, and more specifically, to a method of synthesizing mucic acid which utilizes galactose as a starting material and through a chemical reaction, induces an oxidation reaction to synthesize mucic acid. The method of the present invention can easily synthesize mucic acid in a high yield from galactose and the like under low temperature and atmospheric pressure operating conditions, can be used as an intermediate to produce bio adipic acid, the raw material of nylon 66 that is used as a material for automobile parts, and, therefore, has high industrial applicability.
- (AA) Marine bio sugar mixture obtained after saccharification using non-food marine resources (galactose, or
a mixture of galactose, glucose and rhamnose) - (BB) Mixing of aqueous nitric acid solution with sugar mixture
- (CC) Oxidation reaction of bio sugar under low temperature condition (-15~0anddeg;C)
- (DD) Washing of solid products produced from chemical reaction and extraction of high-purity mucic acid particles using aqueous solution, having mucic acid dissolved therein, prepared in advance
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